World History: Important Dates
BC
10000–4000 Development of settlement into cities and development of skills, such as wheel
and pottery making and improved methods of cultivation.
5500–3000 Earliest recorded date of Egyptian calender; first phonetic writing appears;
Sumerians develop a city-state civilization.
3000–2000 Pharaonic rule begins in Egypt; completion of the construction of the Great
Pyramid at Giza.
3000–1500 The most ancient civilization on the Indian subcontinent, the sophisticated and
extensive Indus Valley Civilization, flourishes in what is today Pakistan.
900–800 Phoenicians establish Carthage: The Iliad and Odyssey was composed by the
Greek poet Homer.
400–300 Pentateuch-first five Books of the Old Testament evolve in final form.
300–251 Invention of Mayan calendar in Yucatan-more exact than older calenders.
101–51 Juleus Caesar (100–44 BC) invades Britain (55 BC) and conquers Gaul, France.
776 First Olympiad in Greece.
753 Rome founded.
490 Battle of Marathon, the Greeks defeated the Iranians/Persians.
327–26 Invasion of India by Alexander, Battle of Hydaspes.
221 Chin-Hung Ti ‘Universal Emperor’ in China, Great Wall of China completed.
55 Invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar, the Great Roman General.
44 Assassination of Julius Caesar by Brutus.
4 Birth of Jesus Christ.
AD
29 Crucifixation of Jesus Christ.
43 Roman conquest of Britain.
570 Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca.
622 Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina (“hijira”), Beginning of Hijira
Era (Muhammadan calender) on July 15.
800 Charlemagne crowned Roman Emperor at St. Peter’s.
871 Accession of Alfred the Great to the throne of Britain.
901 Death of King Alfred the Great.
1066 Battle of Hastings; Norman invasion of England. William the Conqueror, Duke
of Normandly, defeated the English king Harold II at Hastings.
1215 Magna Carta or the Great Charter signed by King John II at Runnymede in
England on June 15.
1280 Gunpowder invented by Roger Bacon.
1338 The Hundred Years War broke out; it lasted upto 1453.
1431 Joan of Arc, a brave French peasant girl, obtained victory over the English at
Orleans. She was burnt alive at the stakes.
1443 The Black death i.e., plague broke out in England.
1453 The capture of Constantinople (the home of classical learning) by the Ottoman
Turks compelled the Greek scholars to flee to Italy and other West European
countries, where they spread the knowledge of Greek philosophy and literature.
This was the beginning of Renaissance in Europe.
1486 Bartholomew Diaz rounded the cope of Good Hope.
1492 Columbus sailed on his first expedition to the West Indies which later led to the
discovery of America (the New World).
1498 Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese, discovered the seat route to India via the Cape of
Good Hope.
BC
10000–4000 Development of settlement into cities and development of skills, such as wheel
and pottery making and improved methods of cultivation.
5500–3000 Earliest recorded date of Egyptian calender; first phonetic writing appears;
Sumerians develop a city-state civilization.
3000–2000 Pharaonic rule begins in Egypt; completion of the construction of the Great
Pyramid at Giza.
3000–1500 The most ancient civilization on the Indian subcontinent, the sophisticated and
extensive Indus Valley Civilization, flourishes in what is today Pakistan.
900–800 Phoenicians establish Carthage: The Iliad and Odyssey was composed by the
Greek poet Homer.
400–300 Pentateuch-first five Books of the Old Testament evolve in final form.
300–251 Invention of Mayan calendar in Yucatan-more exact than older calenders.
101–51 Juleus Caesar (100–44 BC) invades Britain (55 BC) and conquers Gaul, France.
776 First Olympiad in Greece.
753 Rome founded.
490 Battle of Marathon, the Greeks defeated the Iranians/Persians.
327–26 Invasion of India by Alexander, Battle of Hydaspes.
221 Chin-Hung Ti ‘Universal Emperor’ in China, Great Wall of China completed.
55 Invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar, the Great Roman General.
44 Assassination of Julius Caesar by Brutus.
4 Birth of Jesus Christ.
AD
29 Crucifixation of Jesus Christ.
43 Roman conquest of Britain.
570 Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca.
622 Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina (“hijira”), Beginning of Hijira
Era (Muhammadan calender) on July 15.
800 Charlemagne crowned Roman Emperor at St. Peter’s.
871 Accession of Alfred the Great to the throne of Britain.
901 Death of King Alfred the Great.
1066 Battle of Hastings; Norman invasion of England. William the Conqueror, Duke
of Normandly, defeated the English king Harold II at Hastings.
1215 Magna Carta or the Great Charter signed by King John II at Runnymede in
England on June 15.
1280 Gunpowder invented by Roger Bacon.
1338 The Hundred Years War broke out; it lasted upto 1453.
1431 Joan of Arc, a brave French peasant girl, obtained victory over the English at
Orleans. She was burnt alive at the stakes.
1443 The Black death i.e., plague broke out in England.
1453 The capture of Constantinople (the home of classical learning) by the Ottoman
Turks compelled the Greek scholars to flee to Italy and other West European
countries, where they spread the knowledge of Greek philosophy and literature.
This was the beginning of Renaissance in Europe.
1486 Bartholomew Diaz rounded the cope of Good Hope.
1492 Columbus sailed on his first expedition to the West Indies which later led to the
discovery of America (the New World).
1498 Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese, discovered the seat route to India via the Cape of
Good Hope.
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